Magonia pubescens (Sapindaceae) Seed Oil: Physical and Chemical Properties, Fatty Acid Profile and Biodiesel Production | Chapter 07 | Research and Development in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 1
Magonia pubescens is a tree species originally from the Brazilian Cerrado that bears fruit with winged seeds from which fixed oil can be extracted. This study analyzed the physical and chemical properties of the oil extracted from these seeds and the biodiesel produced thereof. Methods from the Adolfo Lutz Institute, American Oil Chemists Society and American Society for Testing and Materials were used. Seven fatty acids (oleic, arachidic, gadoleic, palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic and stearic acids) were found in the oil. Acidity level (1.119 mg KOH•g -1 ), iodine value (77.36 cg I 2 •g -1 ), saponification value (133.36 mg KOH•g -1 ), density (0.8796 g•cm -3 ) and refractive index (1.3348nD) were low when compared to the high peroxide value (26.14 meq•kg -1 ), viscosity (101.46 mm²•s-¹) and moisture (0.88%) of other oils and fats used for biodiesel production. Biodiesel showed density (0.8484 g•cm -3 ), viscosity (29.62 mm -2 •s -1 ), acidity level (0.752 mg KOH•g -1 ) and saponifi...