B P International

Eclampsia is always assumed to be the first seizure in a pregnant woman. The fact that related symptoms of headache, nausea and vomiting, visual distortion, neurological abnormalities, and seizures may present as Eclampsia Syndrome might make diagnosing neurocysticercosis in pregnancy difficult. Although rare, neurocysticercosis is a common cause of first-time seizures in pregnancy, especially in tropical countries like India. It can be treated effectively in non-pregnant women with no disruption to the pregnancy, and medical treatment is effective in the majority of cases. Along with management, we discuss examples of pregnant women with unusual symptoms who were initially misdiagnosed as Eclampsia but were later recognised as Neurocysticercosis on Neuroimaging.   Author (S) Details Amandeep Kaur Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Government Medical College, Patiala (Punjab), India. Balwinder Kaur Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Government Medical College, ...

  People's health can be influenced by taboos, traditional beliefs, and habits. Such taboos and cultural beliefs have the greatest impact on pregnant and nursing women. This has a negative impact on their nutritional status in particular. The goal of this chapter is to outline pregnancy and delivery taboos and traditional practises. Although no formal research was conducted, taboos and traditional practises were discovered during nursing students' remote placement in rural health institutions. The findings revealed that there are a variety of taboos and traditional behaviours around pregnancy and childbirth, some of which are good to the mother's and baby's health and others which are harmful. Health care practitioners must improve health education about the importance of diet, as well as educate mothers and community members about taboos that are harmful to mothers and babies. Author (S) Details Ester Mulenga Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Universi...

Vaginal candidiasis (VC) is a common genital tract infection that affects mostly women especially the pregnant women leading to complications as abortions, premature birth, low birth weight among others. Vaginal specimens were collected from 300 pregnant women attending pre-natal visits in three selected hospitals in Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria using sterile swab sticks. Specimens were cultured in Sabouraud and blood agar media under sterile condition. All pregnant patients were considered throughout the period of the study, having obtained an informed consent from them. Chisquare analysis of data indicated that ninety patients were positive for candidiasis, a prevalence rate of 30.0%. Furthermore, pregnant women aged 26 to 30 recorded the highest prevalence (13.669; df = 5) that was statistically significant (p<0.05). The women who in their third trimester of pregnancy were mostly infected (6.163; df = 2) with infection status which was highly significant (p<0.05). The sympto...

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infectious disease in pregnancy, and in pregnancy we have very limited number of antibiotics to treat the UTI. This study was conducted on 151 patients who attended the gynecology clinic during the study period. Nineteen UTI proven cases of UTI were studied for prevalence of microorganism and sensitivity pattern against different antibiotics. Among the bacteria isolated, Escherichia coli (73.68%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10.52%) were the most prevalent Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria respectively. To know the resistance pattern of microorganism we used commercially available discs of different antibiotics. Gram negative bacteria showed more resistance as compared to Gram positive one. It is observed that the most effective antibiotic for Gram negative isolates is Ceftriaxone (87.5%), followed by Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid (81.25%), Amikacin (75%), Cefuroxime (75%), Cefixime (68.75%) and Mezlocillin (62.5%). For the G...

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined either as a lower tract (acute cystitis) or upper tract (acute pyelonephritis) infection are common in pregnant women. In the preantibiotic era, UTI caused significant morbidity. Hippocrates, writing about a disease that appears to have been acute cystitis, said that the illness could last for a year before either resolving or worsening to causing devastating mortality such as loss of fetus as a result of complications of pregnancy. UTI may be asymptomatic (subclinical infection) or symptomatic (disease). There is active responses to symptomatic urinary tract infection with the advent of antibiotics but asymptomatic UTI is still a source for concern because of the fact that no symptom and most dangerous among pregnant women. Author(s) Details Dr. Yunusa Thairu Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria. Read full article: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/...

Hypertensive  disorders  in  pregnancy  are  a  leading  cause  of  peripartum  morbidity  and  mortality. Preeclampsia is a heterogeneous maternal syndrome. Large  studies  have  pointed  out  the  association  of  impaired  spiral  artery  remodeling  at  the fetomaternal interphase in preeclampsia, but how exactly is the fetomaternal dialogue mediated and what are the biomarkers to detect the subclinical disease in various subsets of high-risk pregnancies is  still  a  challenge.  These  biomarkers  can  finally  be  used  to  diagnose  renal  function  (Kallikrein-creatinine ratio), vascular resistance (uterine artery Doppler), coagulation disorders (platelet volume, fibronectin,  prostacyclin,  thromboxane,  oxidant  stress  (lipid  peroxidase,  8-isopr...

Introduction: Intrauterine growth restriction is a significant cause of neonatal mortality. The uterine artery Doppler waveform becomes transformed into a high flow with low resistance at 22-24 weeks. The  apt  way  to  reduce  intrauterine  growth  restriction  is  to  identify  the  antenatal  factors,  which ascertain the uterine milieu and nutrient bioavailability. This chapter highlights the relation between abnormal uterine artery flow and resultant fetal growth restriction in a tertiary care center. Presence of high pulsatility is a significant risk factor for early onset IUGR as compared to late onset IUGR. Abnormal Doppler waveforms within the uterine arteries are indicative of elevated resistance. The  perfusion  at  the  trophoblast-maternal interphase is  high  velocity,  low  volume  and  intermittent, resulting  in  intrauterine  growth...