B P International

The aim of this book, which consists of four chapters, is to study two dimensional generalized thermoelastic problems for rotating functionally graded anisotropic plates (FGAPs). A dual-reciprocity boundary element method (DRBEM) is implemented for solving the problems. The accuracy of the proposed method was examined and confirmed by comparing the obtained results with those known previously. These problems are solved under special conditions of the governing equations of generalized thermo-elasticity. This book has a lot of applications in many engineering fields such as modern aeronautics, astronautics, earthquake engineering, soil dynamics, mining engineering, nuclear reactor design, high energy particle accelerators, geothermal engineering, geophysics, plasma physics etc. The results of this thesis show the difference between the four theories of thermo-elasticity Green and Lindsay (G-L) theory, Lord and Shulman (L-S) theory, classical coupled theory of thermo-elasticity (CCTE)

Deterministic chaos can exhibit robust dynamic behaviors such as sensitive dependence on initial conditions. The behaviors have warranted diverse engineering uses, which usually entail electronic hardware implementation. In this study, the circuit realization and its corresponding implementation by means of analog electronic components are presented for the polynomial chaotic Sun system. The system has twelve terms, twelve parameters and six nonlinear terms. A procedure is detailed for converting the chaotic parameters into corresponding electronic parameters such as the circuital resistances. Circuit realization of the system is simulated by PSPice-A/D. Next, the circuit is implemented by means of analog electronic components such as operational amplifiers and multipliers. Signals from electronic experiments are compared with numerical simulations. Author(s) Details Christian Nwachioma CIDETEC, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, UPALM, Mexico City, 07700, Mexico. J. Humber

The experimentally determined temperature of a substance is a comparative value relative to the extensive property of another system (thermometers, thermocouples, etc.) taken as the initial measurement standard or reference point. Therefore, the concept of temperature, which we face at first glance seems to be a very simple value, but in fact it is a complex parameter that characterizes the state of the system at the same time on the micro-and macroscopic formations. When considering the properties of substances at the macro level, as a rule, there are many difficulties with the interpretation of micro-phenomena, which is due to the lack of understanding and specific ideas about micro-objects. In turn, micro-objects are constituent elements of macro-objects. This leads to an incomplete understanding of the processes occurring in macro objects. Meanwhile, the micro-macroscopic properties of substances are manifested at the same time and are combined by quantitative and qualitative ch

This paper aims to determine the calorific power of a heating source and to establish an experimental procedure to measure heat transmission coefficients in low heat conductive materials. In our case, the source is a laterally isolated aluminum cylinder, which incorporates an internal electrical resistance for controlling the heat, adjusted to a preset temperature. We describe a simple model, based on the resolution of the differential equation for the heat balance, incorporating two gain and loss coefficients and its application to the steady response achieved, when a disk shaped plastic sample is placed between the heating element and a glass vessel with water, treating the set as a composite wall. In this way the calorific power values and the thermal conductivities of the plastic disk sample are obtained for temperatures ranging from 30 to 70°C.   Author(s) Details José A. Ibáñez-Mengual Departamento de Física, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30071 Murcia, S

The Kerr–Newman metric describes a special rotating charged mass and is the most general solution for the asymptotically stable “black-hole” solution in the Einstein–Maxwell equations in general relativity. Because these are nonlinear partial differential equations, it is difficult to find an exact analytical solution other than spherical symmetry. This study presented a new derivation of the Kerr–Newman metric which is an extension of the authors’ previous research. Using the ellipsoid symmetry of space-time in the Kerr metric, an ellipsoidal coordinate transformation method was performed and the Kerr–Newman metric was more intuitively obtained. The relation with this method and Newman–Janis algorithm was discussed. Author(s) Details Dr. Yu-Ching, Chou Health 101 Clinic, 1F., No.97, Guling St., Zhongzheng District, Taipei City 100, Taiwan and Archilife Research Foundation, 2F.-1, No.3, Ln. 137, Changchun Rd., Zhongshan District, Taipei City 104, Taiwan. View Volume: ht

Author(s) Details B. A. Veklenko Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences 125412, str. Izhorskaia, 13, build 2, Moscow, Russian Federation. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/98

Author(s) Details Dr. S. K. Ghoshal Department of Physics, Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College, Durgapur-713206, W.B., India. Dr. Madhusree Kole Department of Physics, Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College, Durgapur-713206, W.B., India. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/98

Using as an example the Fermi problem dealing with nonstationary transformation of optical excitation from one atom to another the reason of superluminal signals appearance in quantum electrodynamics is clearing. It is shown that the calculation using the conventional methods in Heisenberg and Schrödinger representations in nonstationary problems lead to different results. The Schrödinger representation predicts the existents of specified quantum superluminal signals. In Heisenberg representation the superluminal signals are absent. The reason of non-identity of representations is close connected with using of the adiabatic hypothesis. Author(s) Details B. A. Veklenko Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences 125412, str. Izhorskaia, 13, build 2, Moscow, Russian Federation. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/98

Theoretically and experimentally the superluminal signals arising at passage of an electromagnetic pulse through thermally excited media are investigated. It is shown that the equations of quantum electrodynamics solved by standard methods explain the appearance of such signals as a consequence of fluctuation properties of secondary quantum fields. It is indicated that quantum averages from operators of electric strength and magnetic strength in these signals are equal to zero. The field energy is different from zero. Such signals have no classical analogues. The effective superluminal velocity of the laser beam after it crosses the cylindrical parallel layer of thermally excited atoms has been calculated. The results of experiments to measure the effective superluminal velocity of the beam passing a cylindrical layer of air inside a hot metal tube are given. Quantitative agreement of theoretical and experiment data is stated. Author(s) Details B. A. Veklenko Joint Institut

Here in this Chapter the verification of newly developed formula of charge storage in capacitor as   q = c*v, in RC circuit, is carried out in order  to get validation for ideal loss less capacitor as well as fractional order capacitors for charging and discharging cases. This new formula is generalization of charge storage mechanism in capacitors dielectric relaxations (with and without memory effect), which is different to usual and conventional way of writing capacitance multiplied by voltage to get charge stored in a capacitor   i.e. q = cv. We use this new formulation i.e. q = c*v in the RC circuits to verify the results that are obtained via classical circuit theory, for a case of classical ideal loss less capacitor as well as for case for fractional capacitor. The use of this formulation is suited for super-capacitors, Constant Phase Elements (CPE), and for dielectric relaxations that show memory effect as they show fractional order in their behavior. This new formula is used

Vertices of the graph G are labeled with first p-1 whole numbers, where p is the number of vertices of the graph and edges are labeled with absolute difference of the squares of the labels of the end vertices. If the greatest common divisor of the labels of all edges incident on a vertex of degree greater than one is one then the graph admits square difference prime labeling.  Here we investigate, strong duplicate graph of path, splitting graph of path, tortoise graph of path and some more path related graphs for square difference prime labeling. Author(s) Details B. S. Sunoj Department of Mathematics, Government Polytechnic College, Attingal, India. T. K. Mathew Varkey Department of Mathematics, TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, India. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/97

Human Computer Interaction Semantic filtering techniques are used in learning environment to track problems in collaborative systems. However, as noted in Adigun et al. [1], when sharing and dynamism are promoted, a problem of redundancy and integrity appeared not to have been well addressed. An improved ASF-based method of evaluating semantic filtering for social network systems in a collaborative learning environment is developed, which assisted participants to achieve greater levels of performance with information sharing from other collaborators, as well as in reusing ideas across the period of collaboration. Author(s) Details A. A. Adigun Department of Information and Communication Technology, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria. A. O. Osofisan Department Computer Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. O. Longe Department of Computer Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. M. O. Kolawole Department of Electrical and Electronics Eng

The formula of Fa`a Di Bruno provides a powerful tool to calculate the higher order derivative of a composite function. Unfortunately it has three weaknesses: it is not a recursive formula, it totally depends on the resolution of the diophantine equation and a change in the order of the derivative requires the total change of the calculation. With these weaknesses and the absence of a formula to program, Fa`a Di Bruno’s formula is less useful for formal computation. Other complicated techniques based on finite difference calculation (see [1]) are recursive, however the complexity of the calculation algorithm is very high. There is as well some techniques based on graphs (see [2]) to calculate the coefficients to a certain order, but without giving the general formula. In our work we propose a new formula to calculate the higher order derivative of a composite function gof. It is of great interest, because it is recursive and it is not based on the resolution of the diophantine

Square model is a software process model to develop Interactive Voice Response (IVR) software, used in call center industry. In this article, we measured the reliability of Square Model in the presence of covariate information. For this, we derived a failure intensity function which is used to measure the reliability of model using fix number of calls, failure intensity parameter value, failures / CPU hour and mean failures observed empirically for all components to estimate failure intensity of IVR software over various time periods when it is assumed that the software is changed after each time period and that software metrics information is available after each update. Author(s) Details Devesh Kumar Srivastava SCIT, Manipal University Jaipur, India. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/97

In this chapter Bayes estimators of the reliability function R(t) under Type II censoring of Weibull distribution have been obtained by taking non-informative and beta prior distributions. The loss functions used are squared error, linex, precautionary and entropy. Author(s) Details Dr. Arun Kumar Rao Department of Mathematics & Statistics, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India. Dr. Himanshu Pandey Department of Mathematics & Statistics, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/97

The process of image segmentation is one of the most important steps in computer vision for image retrieval, visual summary, image-based modeling and in many other processes. The goal of segmentation is typically to locate certain objects of interest. In this paper, we have studied and investigated graph based normalized cut segmentation methods and proposed a technique for adding flexibility to the parameters for performance improvement. These methods are examined analytically and tested their performance for the standard images. The results obtained for the important metrics show that these methods perform better than others approach and are computationally efficient, and useful for precise image segmentation. Author(s) Details Sheetal Ghorpade RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Pune – 411058, India. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/97

We present geometrical constructions using a straightedge and a compass in order to find the location of the axes, the vertices and the foci of a parabola, an ellipse and a hyperbola from their plots. The constructions are based on familiarity with theorems and special properties characterizing these loci, which therefore can be used for implementing and applying knowledge acquired during the studies of analytical geometry. Author(s) Details Moshe Stupel Shaanan  Academic College of  Education, and Gordon Academic College of Education, Haifa, Israel. Avi Sigler Shaanan - Academic College of Education, Haifa, Israel. Shula Weissman Gordon Academic College, Haifa, Israel. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/97

A computation of Casimir energy via spectral zeta function is considered in this Chapter. The original computations deriving the Casimir energy and force consists of first taking limits of the spectral zeta function and afterwards analytically extending the result. This process of computation presents a weakness in Hendrik Casimir’s original argument since limit and analytic continuation do not commute. A case of the Laplacian on a parallelepiped box representing the space as the vacuum between two plates modelled with Dirichlet and periodic Neumann boundary conditions is constructed to address this anomaly. It involves the derivation of the regularised zeta function in terms of the Riemann zeta function on the parallelepiped. The values of the Casimir energy and Casimir force obtained from our derivation agree with those of Hendrik Casimir. Author(s) Details Dr. Louis Omenyi Department of Mathematics/Computer Science/Statistics/Informatics, Alex Ekwueme Federal University,

A topological index is a graph invariant, which is generated as a real number from a set of finite graphs. A large number of topological indices have been developed based on vertex degree, eccentricity, etc. and studied extensively. In this paper we propose a new version of the inverse sum indeg index (ISI), sum-connectivity index (SCI), redefined third Zagreb index and  (a,b)- Zagreb index based on S-degrees of vertices a graph and discuss them in connection with SiO 2 layer structure in a graph theoretic perspective. Author(s) Details Budheswar Deka Department of Mathematics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, India. Abhigyan Mahanta Department of Mathematics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, India. A. Bharali Department of Mathematics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, India. View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/97

In the last decades cloud computing has been the focus of a lot of research in both academic and industrial fields, however, implementation-related issues have been developed and have received more attention than performance analysis which is an important aspect of cloud computing and it is of crucial interest for both cloud providers and cloud users. Successful development of cloud computing paradigm necessitates accurate performance evaluation of cloud data centers. Because of the nature of cloud centers and the diversity of user requests, an exact modeling of cloud centers is not practicable; in this work we report an approximate analytical model based on an approximate Markov chain model for performance evaluation of a cloud computing center. Due to the nature of the cloud environment, we considered, based on queuing theory, a MMPP task arrivals, a general service time for requests as well as large number of physical servers and a finite capacity. This makes our model more flexi

In this work, we consider that an investor’s portfolio comprises of two assets- a risk-free asset driven by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Stochastic interest rate of return model and the second asset a risky stock with a price process governed by the geometric Brownian motion. It is also considered that there are withdrawals for consumption and taxes, transaction costs and dividends are in involved. The aim was to investigate the effect of consumption on an investor’s trading strategy under correlating Brownian motions. The relating Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation was obtained using maximum principle. The application of elimination of variable dependency gave the optimal investment strategy for the investor’s problem. Among the findings is that more fund should be made available for investment on the risky asset when there is consumption to keep the investor solvent. Author(s) Details Silas A. Ihedioha Department of Mathematics, Plateau State University Bokkos, P.M.B. 2012, Jos

Tank level knowledge is very important in many applications, as in oil tank. The liquid in the tank can be static, filling or emptying, or sloshing, resulting to uncertain knowledge of tank level. In this work the tank level is predicted using prediction algorithms based on Kalman and Lainiotis filters. Time invariant and steady state prediction algorithms for static model and filling/emptying model are implemented. Time varying prediction algorithms for sloshing and filling/emptying and sloshing models are also implemented. The prediction algorithms’ behavior is examined concluding that the obtained predictions are very close to the real tank level. The calculation burdens of the prediction algorithms are derived, determining the faster prediction algorithm for each model. Author(s) Details Professor N. Assimakis General Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Professor G. Tziallas General Department, University of Thessaly, Greece. Pr

The objective of this chapter is to identify the effect of political instability on investment and economic growth. By using a dynamic balanced panel data model applied on annual data from 11 countries from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region over the period of 2000 to 2009. The political instability’ effect on the contribution of investment to economic growth has been the subject of a second empirical study using a simultaneous equation model conducted on a sample of 33 countries over the period 2000-2015.The main outcomes drawn by these two empirical tests prove that there is no effect of political instability on investment and economic growth and a negative interaction between political instability and investment. This finding confirms the idea that the importance of political institutions lies in the preparation of good economic institutions. Thus, political institutions indirectly influence economic performance. Author(s) Details Zouhaier Hadhek Higher Insti

Self monitoring is an ability to consciously observe and regulate one’s own behaviour. Incorporating self monitoring in today’s research and practice is beginning to yield a better understanding of how organizational processes are substantially affected by individual issues of how they are seen by others. Especially in service industries, the effect of outcome of interactions of the employees with the clients is an inevitable part of portraying their identity. Most of the actions in the service industry having a legal importance, it is highly essential that controlled image presentation should not cause any deceptions. Hence, it is essential that the employees should know how they present themselves and be able to use self monitoring in the best way possible by them. There are two approaches to the measurement of emotional intelligence: as a mental ability or as a personality trait. Emotional intelligence is the capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motiv

Recently, a firm that wants to conquer and keep its customers is expected to invest in the emotional value of its brand. Thus, the fact of eliciting the emotions of customers has become a challenge to develop a close emotional and behavioral resistance to change. This research work aims to study the role of emotions felt toward a brand in the formation and preservation of the relationship between the customer and the brand. A conceptual model is developed to examine the relationships between emotional attraction, emotional sensitivity, emotions felt (affection, passion, connection), emotional attachment and customer loyalty. The method of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is employed to test the research hypotheses. A quantitative study is conducted involving 480 Tunisian customers of mobile phone brands. The findings of this study indicate that the emotional attraction as well as the level of emotional sensitivity of customer influence positively his emotions felt toward a brand of