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Tuberculosis is a life-threatening infectious illness that kills the majority of people throughout the world. Coughing, fever, night sweats, and weight loss are all symptoms of tuberculosis, which is caused by the pathology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Non-Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium from the genus Mycobacteria, can sometimes mimic tuberculosis infection in immunocompromised and comorbid people. The identification of these bacteria is crucial for tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment.   Author (S) Details G. Mac-Fiberesima South-South Tuberculosis Zonal Reference Laboratory Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. S. D. Abbey Department of Medical Microbiology Rivers State University, Nigeria. C. K. Wachukwu Department of Medical Microbiology Rivers State University, Nigeria. O. Azuonwu Department of Medical Microbiology Rivers State University, Nigeria. View Book :- https://stm.boo...

Aim: To assess the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the cost of the tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Study Design: Prevalence based cohort. Place and Duration of Study: Penang General Hospital, Hospital USM, and – Univesiti Malaya Medical Center; 2005 – 2008.   Methods: Study patients were placed in the TB only, DM only, or DM-TB groups, with each group including 200 patients. Information related to demographics, chronic disease comorbidity, duration of hypertension (HTN) and DM, and economic variables were obtained from the patients’ medical files both at the beginning and end of the study period. The economic burden of DM-TB patients was assessed from hospitalization periods, frequency of clinic visits, and diagnostic requests. Results: Durations of DM and HTN were 9.2 and 5.6 years, respectively, for the DM only group compared to 5.3 and 1.1 years, respectively, for DM-TB subjects. For both diabetic groups, diabetes preceded HTN, with onset of HTN occurrin...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a deadly tropical disease that is mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The pathogen is known to invade and replicate inside the host’s macrophage. Due to the emerging dilemma of multi-drug resistant TB and extensively-drug resistant TB, the exigency for finding new TB drugs is an obligation now. Among the propitious anti-tubercular agents studied in the past few decades, peptides from diversified sources have been substantiated to be persuasive with multiple advantages such as low immunogenicity, selective affinity to bacterial negatively charged cell envelopes and most importantly divergent mechanisms of action. This chapter highlights the role of prime peptides exploited from several other unplumbed sources as anti-tubercular agents. Author(s) Details Ameer Khusro Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai-34, India. Chirom Aarti Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nung...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is the leading killer from a single infectious agent worldwide, especially in Asia and Africa. Each year globally, about 1.3 million people die of TB. Majority of the cases are pulmonary TB (PTB) with approximately 15% being extra pulmonary (ETB). The infection is an insidious; chronic process which may take several weeks or months to become clinically patent. The symptoms of PTB include cough, chest pain and hemoptysis.   Systemic symptoms of TB include fevers, chills, night sweats, easy fatigability, loss of appetite and weight loss. Tuberculosis has long been associated with malnutrition. Micronutrients including Zinc; deficiency is considered to be the most frequent cause of secondary immunodeficiency and infection related to morbidity such as tuberculosis. Zinc deficiency affects the host defences in a variety of ways. It results in decreased ph...

Aims: To examine the properties of hydrazide compounds shown to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis. To identify properties that affect efficiency of bacterial inhibition. Study Design: Utilizing data from previous studies of compounds that inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis, then statistical and pattern recognition methods are applied to identify interrelationships. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, Durham Science Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, from January 2016 to July 2016. Methodology: Interrelationships of pharmacological properties were identified by use of various pattern recognition techniques, such as hierarchical cluster analysis and path analysis. Molecular properties and descriptors for all compounds were determined, with additional characteristics such as structure scaffolding and functional group position was accomplished. Statistical analysis, including Pearson r correlation, Mann-Whitney test, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, ...