B P International

 Background: Breast cancer heterogeneity is produced by a variety of factors such as patient characteristics, co-morbidities, histology, immunochemistry, and the disease's molecular type, leading in a wide range of treatment options. Despite advancements in breast cancer diagnosis and therapy, breast cancer remains the leading cause of death in Pakistani women. Several studies have found that chronic inflammatory disorders have a role in the progression of cancer; these factors also promote growth, which leads to a poor prognosis. The goal of this study is to look at the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in breast cancer patients' blood and how it relates to disease characteristics. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, at Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College. A total of 2059 female breast cancer patients met the criteria. A thorough blood count with leukocyte differential was recommended for the patients prior to surgery. Complete patien...

Because it is a highly vascular tumour, juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is also known as bleeding fibroma. In prepubescent and young adults, this is a benign tumour that is locally aggressive and bleeds. Due to the potential space available in the nasopharyngeal area, the tumour spreads without much resistance. JNA necessitates an early and precise diagnosis using cross-sectional modalities in the context of clinical symptomatology. This will aid in early management and help to prevent a variety of future issues. We report two JNA examples in which the importance of contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is highlighted. These two cases of teenage nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNAs) were diagnosed using CECT reformatted reconstructed 3D pictures at different phases. Conclusion: In making a diagnosis, we place a high importance on the clinico-radiological assessment. For surgical management, proper pre-operative radiographic staging is essential.   Author (S)...