B P International

The paper analyzes tropical forest landscape change and deforestation trends in Nigeria. Emphasis’ are on the issues, the environmental analysis of the trends, factors influencing it, and community agroforestry efforts. The time frame and setting for the study runs through the West African nation of Nigeria during the periods of 1976 through 2005 at the national and state levels. In fact, Nigeria was once covered by widespread vegetation comprising of humid tropical forests in the south and savannah grasslands in the north rich in biodiversity. A great percentage of this luxurious vegetation has been cleared by the pressures mounted by human activities with eventual degradation. In terms of methods, the paper uses mixscale approach based on descriptive statistics, temporal spatial analysis and mapping, and photographic images to analyze the trends associated with tropical deforestation. The results show visible changes in the form of large scale decline of Nigeria’s forest landscape...

Aims: The paper assesses water resource issues in the state of Mississippi using GIS mapping. Study Design: Adopted a mixscale appoach. Methodology: The aproach is applied to GIS and primary data connected to descriptive statistics by analyzing the impacts of water use through data collected at the state, county and regional level. Place and Duration of Study: The counties of Mississippi between Spetember 2010-December 2013. Results: The study shows a rise in pumpage among different sectors and a widening of boil water alerts triggered by pollution and standard violations. With the vulnerability to water stress, and potential scarcity from climate change. Regional comparisons point to the exposure to accumulative groundwater depletion since the past several decades. While the spatial analysis revealed the concentration of extensive groundwater water use and emergence of cone formation in the northwest region of the state, the threats of contaminated sites, E. coli and col...

The use of riparian areas as water quality management tools, primarily derived from the studies of agricultural watersheds, where low phosphorus and large nitrate reductions in the suspended sediment are observed. A riparian strip performs many key functions, such as nutrient uptake, trapping of sediment or pesticides. Therefore, a number of different forms of protection strips have been applied in the field according to relief, steepness and location for use. Studies assessing technologies to design riparian strips using plant covers, based on sediment yield in river basins, are required for environmental protection. The removal of semi-shrubby, native vegetation in the Brazilian semiarid region, has contributed to the degradation of semiarid basins. The aim of this study was to design a riparian strip for the Jacu River in the semiarid region of Pernambuco as a function of sediment yield. Experiments were conducted during the years 2008-2011 in the Jacu River basin at Serra Talhad...