Amino
acid, any of a group of organic
molecules that consist of a basic amino group (―NH)2, an acidic carboxyl group (―COOH), and an
organicRgroup (or side chain) that is unique to each amino acid. The termamino
acidis short forα-amino [alpha-amino] carboxylic acid. Each molecule contains
a centralcarbon(C) atom,
called the α-carbon, to which
both an amino
and a carboxyl group
are attached. The remaining two bonds of the α-carbon atom are generally
satisfied by ahydrogen(H) atom and theRgroup. Amino acids can be called the
“building blocks” of protein and are an important part of
every human body.
There are twenty
different amino acids –nine
of which are
called “essential” and eleven of which are labeled as “non-essential.”
The human body needs all twenty of these
amino acids, in
varying degrees, to
be healthy and
fully functional. All twenty
have distinct chemical structures
and are used
for different roles –such
as forming neurotransmitters, forming hormones and
producing energy. But
their primary role
is to build
proteins.Nonessential amino
acidsare synthesized by most of the
cells, including hematopoietic
lineages.The essential amino acidsthe
body needs to obtain them from the diet.
Biography of author(s)
Dheaa Shamikh Zageer
Forensic DNA Center for Research and Training/AL-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Sundus Fadhil Hantoosh
Forensic DNA Center for Research and Training/AL-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Sundus Fadhil Hantoosh
Forensic DNA Center for Research and
Training/AL-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
HaiderK AL-Rubai
HaiderK AL-Rubai
Forensic DNA Center for Research and
Training/AL-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
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