Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Enugu State, South-East Region of Nigeria | Chapter 08 | Recent Advances in Biological Research Vol. 2
Development of antimicrobial resistance
by bacteria is now a worldwide health issue, as infection is one of the leading
causes of death in the world today. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
prevalence and antimicrobials susceptibility pattern of Methicilin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus in 3 different hospitals in South-East geopolitical
region of Nigeria. The identification and confirmation of the S. aureus were
done using selective and differential medium (Mannitol salt agar) for S. aureus
and by coagulase/staphylase test using Oxoid® reagents kits (DR0595A). The
method used for antibiotics susceptibility pattern of the characterised S.
aureus isolates was discs diffusion method, as recommended by the Clinical
Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), discs containing oxacillin (5 µg/disc),
vancomycin (30 µg/disc), cephalexin (30 µg/disc), levofloxacin (5 µg/disc),
ciprofloxacin (5 µg/disc), tetracycline (30 µg/disc), cotrimoxazole (25
µg/disc), gentamicin (30 µg/disc), clindamycin (2 µg/disc) and rifampicin (5
µg/disc). MRSA confirmation was done using Oxoid® DR0900 penicillin binding
protein (pbp2’) latex agglutination test kits. The results showed that out of
218 characterized clinical isolates, 39 of it were confirmed MRSA with varying
percentages of resistance to various antibiotics thus: oxacillin (62.07%),
vancomycin (60.35%), cephalexin (55.18%), levofloxacin (56.90%), ciprofloxacin
(65.52%), tetracycline (68.97%), cotrimoxazole (67.25%), gentamicin (62.07%),
clindamycin (63.79%) and rifampicin (62.07%). The S. aureus are more sensitive
to Levofloxacin and less sensitive to tetracycline, clindamycin and rimfapicin.
Latex agglutination test confirmed 39 strains of the clinical isolates to be
MRSA. The results shows open wound as a source with highest prevalence and
sputum with lowest prevalence of the MRSA with no significant change (P >
0.05).
Biography of author(s)
A. A. Agboke
Department of Pharmaceutics
and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo,
Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
A. A. Attama
Departments of Pharmaceutics
and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University
of Nigeria, Enugu State, Nigeria.
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