Comparative Antimicrobial Activities of Solvent Extracts and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Seeds of Areca catechu L. | Chapter 02 | Recent Advances in Biological Research Vol. 2
The
present study was
carried out to
screen phytochemicals like
carbohydrates, terpenoids, resins, saponins, tannins
and alkaloids in
the seed extract
of Areca catechu by standard
protocols and antibacterial activities
of seed extract as well as silver nanoparticles prepared from seed extracts.
The medicinal properties of plants have been investigated in the recent
scientific developments throughoutthe
world, due to
their potency against
several disease, minor
side effects and
economic viability. Several
compounds widely distributed in plants which have been reported to exert
multiple biological effect, including antioxidant, free radical scavenging
abilities, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic. Nanoparticles are
synthesized using plant
materials. The various
phytochemicals present within
the plant result in
effective reduction of
silver salts to
nanoparticles. The characterization of
silver nanoparticles was studied
by using FTIR,
SEM and UV-
Visible spectrophotometer. Antibacterial activity was conducted with
aqueous, methanolic and
AgNO3 seed extracts against
six bacterial species viz., Salmonella typhi,
Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus,
Escherichia coli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus
subtilis by agar well
diffusion method. The
seed extract showed positive
results for carbohydrate,
proteins, alkaloids, glycosides,
terpenoids, tannins and saponins.
The colour of
the solution after
treating with AgNO3 was
changed from light
brown to dark brown
confirmed the reduction
of silver ion
in presence of
seed extract and
formation of silver nanoparticles. Maximum
absorption was observed
at 400 nm
and the size
of silver nanoparticles produced was
oval in shape
with the diameter
of 553-610 nm. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and Salmonella typhi were found to be the good organisms resistant
against areca nut seed extracts while others
were showed intermediate
effects. This study
suggest that A. catechu nut
extract can be a
potential source for
developing antibacterial agents
against Gram positive
bacteria which are commonly
found on human
oral cavity and
responsible for dental
caries. This present
study also supports the use of
natural products for
medication as antibacterial
agents found in
plant extract, which exhibits
antibacterial activity to
some opportunistic oral
bacteria, we have
some reservations towards the
side effects that need to be studied and evaluated more thoroughly. The results
highlight the traditional use of “Areca nut” and some scientific validation of
the claimed biological antimicrobial activity in vivo.
Biography of author(s)
Dr. Rama Bhat P.
Prof. & Head, PG
Department of Biotechnology, Alva’s College, Moodbidri – 574 227, Karnataka,
India.
Coordinator of Internal
Quality Assurance Cell (IQAC),
Member, Tree Authority,
Department of Forest and Environmental
Sciences, Govt. of Karnataka, India.
View Volume: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rabr/v2
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