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Concentration Levels of Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr) and Selected Nutrients in Water of Motoine River Channel, Kibera, Kenya | Chapter 08 | Theory and Applications of Chemistry Vol. 1

The need for clean and safe consumable water is of paramount importance to any society since water is a crucial substance for the sustenance of life. Kibera slum is one of the leading slums in the world with  a high  population,  leading  to  poor  levels  of  sanitation  and  inadequate  clean  water  supply. Consequently, the residents have to seek for alternative water supply. Motoine River flows through the slum, and thus acts as an alternative source of water. This study determined the concentration levels of heavy metals (Pb, Fe, Cu, Cr and Cd) and nutrients (nitrates, nitrites and phosphates) in Motoine River, Kibera in September 2014 and compared the variations downstream. The metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) while the nutrients were determined using UV/Visible  spectroscopy.  Concentration  levels  of  Cu,  Cd  and  Cr  were  found  to  be  lower  than  the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) values for maximum contaminant level (MCL) while those of Fe, Pb and the nutrients were higher than EPA’s MCL values. Cd had the lowest concentration and was  below  the  detection  limit  of  the  instrument  used.  Nitrates  were  found  to  be  of  the  highest concentration at 16.4959 ± 2.4432 parts per million (ppm). Thehigh concentration of nutrients in the water could be due to domestic waste and effluent disposal into the river and agricultural runoffs while that of metal ions could be due to waste from informal industries and erosion of natural deposits. The efforts by the government to rehabilitate and clean rivers within Nairobi should be extended to include Motoine River.

Author(s) Details

S. M. Muthee
Department of Chemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O.Box 62000 - 00200, Nairobi Kenya

Read full article: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/view/35/113/225-1
View Volume: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/tac/v1
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