Instrumental Analysis of Foods: Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Metals in Cereals and Fast Ion Chromatography Analysis for Minerals in Aqueous Sport Drinks | Chapter 10 | Advances in Applied Science and Technology Vol. 5
Aims:
Foods are analyzed
for their content
for important reasons
that include: Adherence
to government regulations, nutritional
labeling, authentication, inspection
(for grading), safety,
quality control and detection of adulterants.
Study Design: Inductively coupled
plasma mass spectrometry
(ICP-MS) analysis of
various commercial cereals was
accomplished. Commercial drinks
were analyzed by
ion chromatography instruments.
Place and Duration
of Study:
The investigation was
carried out at the University
of Nebraska, Omaha Nebraska from
January 2014 to May 2014.
Methodology:
Cereals were treated in strong acid to extract heavy metals. Following dilution
steps, these extracts were
injected into ICP-MS
for analysis. Quantity of
metals as well
as isotope distribution was
established. Commercial sports drinks were examined for clarification and
injected into ion chromatography instruments
for analysis for
calcium, sodium, potassium,
magnesium, chloride, phosphate, sulphate and fluoride.
Results:
(ICP-MS) analysis of various commercial
cereals showed a content
of chromium, nickel, copper, zinc and traces of lead. In
general, zinc was found to be highest in content within the cereal products analyzed
ranging from 2.951 mg/kilogram to
90.56 mg/kilogram (mean =
58.38 mg/kilogram), followed by
copper ranging from
1.218 mg/kilogram to 4.395 mg/kilogram (mean
= 2.756 mg/kilogram). This is followed in amounts (by average of all
samples tested) by nickel, lead and chromium. Chromium, copper, nickel and zinc
are considered human micronutrients. Sport drinks are consumed for their
mineral content and enhancement of electrolytes. Various sports drinks analyzed
showed both cation and anion minerals in their content, which included: sodium,
potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, phosphate, chloride, fluoride and
nitrate ions.
Conclusion:
ICP-MS and ion chromatography are versatile approaches for analysis of food
nutrient value and metals content. ICP-MS can track the absorption of heavy
metals into commercial cereals. Ion
chromatography can identify
adulterants in sport
drinks. Current ion chromatography instrumentation can quickly
and with versatility assay a broad concentration of cations and anions in
electrolyte mixtures. The monitoring of electrolyte contentis an important
aspect for the clinical use of such
mixtures for the
treatment of disease.
Sensitive and versatile
methodologies for monitoring nutrients inside food products
will enhance their safety, government compliance, nutritional value and the
demands from consumers.
Author(s) Details
Dr. Ronald Bartzatt
University of Nebraska,
Durham Science Center, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68182, USA.
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