Physicochemical Properties of Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) Seed Oil, Its Biodiesel and Blends with Diesel | Chapter 02 | Advances in Applied Science and Technology Vol. 5
Literature search shows that research
on feed stocks for the production of biodiesel in Africa have not been well
documented. To close this gap, a research project was initiated to measure the
fuel and physicochemical properties of common vegetable oils in Nigeria. The
works on cashew nut oil has been reported and that of rubber seed oil is being
reported in this paper. Rubber tree seed oil has several industrial
applications but not
all the fuel
and physicochemical properties
are available in literature, hence the
aim of this
study is to
provide the properties
of not only
the oil but
also the biodiesel, 20% and 10%
blends with diesel. For the purpose of characterization, the oil was extracted
by soxhlet extraction and the free fatty acids was measured and found to be
23.68% which can react with the sodium hydroxide catalyst to form soaps that
can inhibit the separation of the esters and glycerin. To prevent this, acid
catalyst was first used to neutralize and reduce the high level of free fatty
acids in the oil to less than 2% before using sodium hydroxide for the
transesterification process. The
resulting biodiesel was washed,
dried and blended
20% and 10%
with diesel. The fatty acid profiles were determined by
chromatography analyzer and the oil was found to be unsaturated. The
characterization of the
oil, its biodiesel,
and the blends
were done according
to ASTM and EU
methods and the results obtained show that the properties of the biodiesel and
blends are similar to those of diesel which shows conclusively that it can be
used as alternative fuel for diesel engines.
Author(s) Details
E. I. Bello
Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
F. Otu
Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
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