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Physicochemical Properties of Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) Seed Oil, Its Biodiesel and Blends with Diesel | Chapter 02 | Advances in Applied Science and Technology Vol. 5

Literature search shows that research on feed stocks for the production of biodiesel in Africa have not been well documented. To close this gap, a research project was initiated to measure the fuel and physicochemical properties of common vegetable oils in Nigeria. The works on cashew nut oil has been reported and that of rubber seed oil is being reported in this paper. Rubber tree seed oil has several  industrial  applications  but  not  all  the  fuel  and  physicochemical  properties  are  available  in literature, hence  the  aim  of  this  study  is  to  provide  the  properties  of  not  only  the  oil  but  also  the biodiesel, 20% and 10% blends with diesel. For the purpose of characterization, the oil was extracted by soxhlet extraction and the free fatty acids was measured and found to be 23.68% which can react with the sodium hydroxide catalyst to form soaps that can inhibit the separation of the esters and glycerin. To prevent this, acid catalyst was first used to neutralize and reduce the high level of free fatty acids in the oil to less than 2% before using sodium hydroxide for the transesterification process. The  resulting  biodiesel was  washed,  dried  and  blended  20%  and  10%  with  diesel.  The fatty acid profiles were determined by chromatography analyzer and the oil was found to be unsaturated. The characterization  of  the  oil,  its  biodiesel,  and  the  blends  were  done  according  to  ASTM  and  EU methods and the results obtained show that the properties of the biodiesel and blends are similar to those of diesel which shows conclusively that it can be used as alternative fuel for diesel engines.

Author(s) Details

E. I. Bello
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

F. Otu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

Read full article: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/view/44/194/346-1
View Volume: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aast/v5

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