Sedimentary Processes and Environments of Deposition of Part of the Benin Formation, Southeastern Nigeria | Chapter 02 | Advances in Applied Science and Technology Vol. 1
This
chapter involves the study of the sedimentological processes and depositional
environment from two major exposed
sections of the
Benin Formation in
the vicinity of
the southern fringes
of the CalabarFlank. Stratigraphic
logs were produced;
textural description was
carried out using
20 samples collected from
the road cuts.
Within the mudstone
interval, lenticular beds
and skolithos traces were
observed. Other sedimentary structures (cross beds, ripplemarks) were measured
and analysed for paleocurrent patterns. The results from the textural analyses
of the sandstones show that the sediments were predominantly medium to coarse
grain (ɸ-0.13 –1.63), moderate to poorly sorted (ɸ1.02 –2.03). Skewness and
kurtosis values range from strongly coarse -coarse skewed (ɸ-0.66 –0.13) and
leptokurtic to platykurtic (ɸ0.72 –2.00) respectively. Bivariate analysis
reveals that 100% of the sandstone samples are continental (fluvial) in origin
with predominant deposition within rolling and saltation sub-population of the
C-M plot. The points were restricted to the P-Q section of the C-M plot
signifying high energy
deposition. Lenticular beds
characterized tidal influence
in the thick
mudflat deposit. Break in sedimentation was identified by the presence
of a paleosol and the unimodal and unidirectional pattern of the paleocurrent
markers suggest fluvial setting.
Biography of author(s)
Prof Nse Udo Essien
Geology Department, University of Calabar, Nigeria.
Geology Department, University of Calabar, Nigeria.
Mr Okon Emmanuel Etim
Geology Department, University of Calabar, Nigeria.
View Volume: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aast/v1
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