Synthetic Elicitor-Induced Defense Responses in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivated in Côte d'Ivoire against Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum | Chapter 07 | Recent Advances in Biological Research Vol. 2
Tomato is the most consumed vegetable
in Côte d’Ivoire because it is used to cook most sauces and all forms of salad.
Tomatoes annual yield fluctuates between 22,000 and 35,000 tons. The yield
remains below demand. Several factors can explain these low yields. Among them,
biotic factors are the most important. Among bacterial diseases impacting
negatively tomato yield, bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a
dangerous one that causes serious damage in the nursery as well as in
plantation. It can cause up to 100% yield loss depending on the variety.
Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum still constitutes tomato
(Solanum lycopersicum) economical disease in the world. This disease is favored
by very humid soils and high temperatures. Genetic control currently used is
the most effective strategy. Disease control in crops has also become possible
through the induction of plant defense reaction. This work aims at assessing
the effect of both synthetic elicitors (BABA and ASM) supposed to induce tomato
defense reaction against bacteria and particularly Ralstonia solanacearum. BABA
and ASM solutions were each applied at concentrations of 5 to 100 ppm on R.
solanacearum in vitro, and its growth was recorded. Then, the in vivo
development of bacterial wilt was assessed following different elicitors
application modes to both local tomato cultivars Tropimech and Caraïbo
respectively sensitive and tolerant to this disease. Up to 100 ppm, BABA and
ASM elicitors showed no antibacterial effect against R. solanacearum. However,
these elicitors revealed a protective action against the development of
bacterial wilt after inoculation of R. solanacearum. Compared to leaf
treatment, the supply of elicitors to roots or successively to roots and leaves
reduced the development of bacterial wilt by more than 50%. Both tomato
varieties (Tropimech and Caraibo) expressed identical resistance levels facing
Ralstonia solanacearum after BABA and ASM application. The elicitation of
tomato plants could be an ecological approach for effective control of R.
solanacearum. It is concluded that control bacterial wilt caused by R.
solanacearum using ASM and BABA as elicitors of tomato defense. Two tomato
cultivars that are Tropimech and Caraïbo respectively sensitive and tolerant to
bacterial wilt were used. Tropimech which is the sensitive cultivar expressed
identical resistance levels facing Ralstonia solanacearum after BABA or ASM
application as Caraibo, the tolerant cultivar. Thus, ASM and BABA can be used
in control to bacterial wilt of tomato. This technique can be considered as an
ecological approach and an alternative to chemical control of bacterial wilt
caused by R. solanacearum in tomato.
Biography of author(s)
Amari Ler-N’Ogn Dadé
Georges Elisée
Laboratoire de Physiologie
Végétale, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan
22, Côte d’Ivoire.
N’guessan Aya Carine
Département de Biologie
Végétale, UFR Sciences Biologiques, Université Péléforo Gon Coulibaly, BP 1328,
Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Bomisso Edson Lezin
Laboratoire de Physiologie
Végétale, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan
22, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kouakou Tanoh Hilaire
Laboratoire de Biologie et
Amélioration des Productions Végétales, UFR des Sciences de la Nature,
Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
Ake Sévérin
Laboratoire de Physiologie
Végétale, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan
22, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kone Daouda
Laboratoire de Physiologie
Végétale, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan
22, Côte d’Ivoire.
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