The Mode of Transmission of Banana streak virus by Paracoccus burnerae (Homiptera, Planococcidae) Vector is Non-circulative | Chapter 01 | Recent Advances in Biological Research Vol. 3
The causative agent of banana streak
disease (BSD) is Banana streak virus (BSV). In tropical countries such as
Kenya, the virus causes considerable damage to the banana crop besides lowering
banana production yields. Several mealy-bug species have been reported as
vectors of BSV. The latent and retention time of the BSV in the oleander
mealy-bug (Paracoccus burnerae) is however unknown. The latent and retention
times of viruses in disease vectors are important characteristics in the
determination of the mode of transmission of viruses by their vectors. The
purpose of this study was to determine the latent and retention time of the BSV
in its vector, P. burnerae. We employed both the Immuno-capture Polymerase
Chain Reaction (IC-PCR) and Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA) techniques to
select diseased and healthy plantlets for transmission trials. RCA assays were
performed on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples of viruliferous mealy-bug
instars of P. burnerae and on the DNA of virus-inoculated plantlets. The
findings of the study indicated that BSV has no latent period in P. burnerae
during transmission at ambient conditions (9-30°C). However, the vector can
retain and transmit BSV for a period of four days under ambient temperatures
(9-30°). The results revealed that the vector P. burnerae, transmits BSV
semi-persistently which is an indication of a non-circulative mode of
transmission of the virus. The results of this study contribute to the
elucidation of the mode of transmission of BSV by P. burnerae and impetus for
the development of novel control strategies of BSD. Further studies are
recommended to determine the specific BSV and vector proteins involved in the
transmission process. Such studies have the potential to contribute to
development of novel disease management strategies based on the use of viral
genes that encode for proteins that are defective to prevent vector inoculation
and successful transmission of BSV by its vectors. From our results, we also
recommend further screening studies for banana plant encoding molecules (e.g.
peptides) that are able to bind to cuticle protein receptors in the vector
mouthparts which may provide innovative virus management strategies by
interfering with the process of virus retention.
Author Details:
Samuel Mwangangi Muturi
Department
of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, P.O.Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya.
Prof. Francis Nyamu Wachira
Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, South Eastern Kenya University, ,
P.O.Box 170-90200 Kitui, Kenya.
Laura Shali Karanja
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation (KALROI)-Njoro, P.O.Box Private Bag, Njoro, Kenya.
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation (KALROI)-Njoro, P.O.Box Private Bag, Njoro, Kenya.
Njeru Lucyline Kajira
Department
of Geography, Moi University, P.O.Box 3900, Eldoret, Kenya.
View Volume: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rabr/v3
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