Hepatorenal Protective Effects of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Juice against Nicotine Induced Toxicity in Guinea Pigs | Chapter 02 | Advances and Trends in Biotechnology and Genetics Vol. 2
Background:
Pomegranate juice possess a marked antioxidant capacity with a high content in
tannins, phenols and flavonoids which can directly or indirectly reduce
oxidative damage by preventing the excessive generation of free radicals.
Objectives: The present work aimed
to evaluate the effectiveness of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice as a
natural source of antioxidants to minimize the harmful effects of nicotine
induced hepatorenal toxicity in Guinea pigs.
Materials and Methods: In this
study, twenty four adult male Guinea pigs were used for this study and divided
into four groups. The first group was control group, the 2nd group was
administered the pomegranate juice orally, the 3rd was the experimental and
received intraperitoneal injection of nicotine (6 mg/kg body weight /day), the
4th one co-administered intraperitoneal injection of nicotine (6 mg/kg body
weight /day) and pomegranate juice
orally for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained for assessment of serum
alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and
γ- glutamyltransferase activities, total proteins, albumin, and globulin
concentrations, albumin concentration/globulin concentration (A/G) ratio, urea,
uric acid, creatinine, sodium ions, and potassium ions concentrations.
Results: In nicotine treated
animals, the serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase,
alkaline phosphatase and γ- glutamyl transferase activities, urea, uric acid,
creatinine, and potassium ions concentrations were significantly (p<0.05),
increased as compared to the control group. On the other hand, serum total
proteins, albumin, globulin, sodium ions concentrations, and A/G ratio of
nicotine treated Guinea pigs were significantly (p<0.05) decreased as
compared to the control Guinea pigs. Co-administration of pomegranate juice
significantly improved all biochemical parameters.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that, nicotine had
adverse effects on liver and kidney functions parameters in the blood serum.
Pomegranate juice administration showed a remarkable amelioration of these
abnormalities in nicotine treated male Guinea pigs. It is recommended that the
heavy smokers should be advised to take pomegranate juice as a rich source of
antioxidant to prevent the hepatorenal toxicity of nicotine. Further studies
are necessary to elucidate exact mechanism of hepatorenal protection and
potential usefulness of pomegranate juice as a protective agent against
nicotine induced hepatorenal toxicity in clinical trials.
Author(s) Details
Dr. Azab Elsayed Azab
Department of Physiology,
Faculty of Medicine, Sabratha University, Sabratha, Libya.
Dr. Mohamed Omar Albasha
Department of Zoology,
Faculty of Science, Alejelat, Zawia University, Libya.
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