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An Unusual Cause of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature | Chapter 13 | Emerging Research in Medical Sciences Vol. 2

A case of a 48-year-old female, who presented with refractory haemetemesis. Her oesophago-gastroduodenoscopy showed only a healing ulcer but profuse bleeding was seen from duodenum. In spite of a negativeoesophago-gastroduodenoscopy she was bleeding profusely with hemodynamic decompensation. Doppler coeliac trunk showed a supra pancreaticcystic lesion with yin-yang pattern of blood flow confirming a pseudo aneurysm involving the superior and inferior pancreatioduodenal arterial arcade using digital subtraction angiography. The conversion of a pancreatic pseudo cyst into a pseudo aneurysm is potential lethal complication because, when rupture occurs, mortality rises up to 40%. She was diagnosed to have pancreatic pseudocyst, psedoaneurysm and haemosuccus pancreaticus with wirsungorrhagia and was offered arterial embolization following which she improved. Patients with chronic calcificpancratitis (CCP) could remain silent and can present with normal amylase and lipase. Complications such as pseudo cysts orpseudoaneurysms can be asymptomatic. The pancreas should be considered a possible site of hemorrhage in CCP in cases of refractory upper gasrtrointestinal haemorrhage. We highlight the importance of looking for causes other than bleeding duodenal/gastric ulcer/oesophageal varices in case of a refractoryhametemeis giving the patient option of a nonsurgical modality of treatment and it’s reducedrisks. The effectiveness of embolisation for bleeding psuedoaneurysms is emphasized.

Author(s) Details

C. Rajasekharan
Government Medical College Hospital, Trivandrum, India.

D. S. Anand Raja
Government Medical College Hospital, Trivandrum, India.

M. P. Archana
Government Medical College Hospital, Trivandrum, India.

R. Parvathy
Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India.

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