Potential Risk Factors and Prevalence of Infection of Helicobacter pylori in Nigeria | Chapter 14 | Theory and Applications of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 1
Aim:
Potential risk factors and prevalence associated with Helicobacter pylori (H.
pylori) infection in apparently healthy children in Nigeria were studied.
Study
Design: To investigate the current potential
risk factors associated with recent prevalence of H. pylori in apparently
healthy children in Nigeria.
Place
and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in two Local
Government Areas, Alimosho and Ajeromi, of Lagos State, Nigeria between March
and September 2014.
Methodology:
Seroprevalence status of 185 asymptomatic children made up of 93 males and 92
females, aged between 2-16 years were selected by randomized stratified
sampling with descriptive questionnaire. Serum immunoglobulin G H. pylori
antibody of the individual subjects was determined using DiaSpot H. pylori kit
while fecal samples of same group were analysed for HpSAg using immunoassay
test kit of Helicobacter pylori Stool Antigen (HpSAg).
Results:
Of 185 children tested for H. pylori antigen, 134 (68.7%) and 51(26.2%) were
classified as seropositive and fecal HpSA positive respectively. Highest rate
of 40.0% and 34.6% of the children weighing between 21 and 40 kg were positive
while 29.2% and 32.5% children of parents that were traders were positive to
serum H. pylori antigen and fecal HpSA respectively. Only 12.4% and 14.1%
children from artisan parents were positive but different age group have no
association with the infectivity or prevalence of fecal H. pylori antigen
(OR=0.67, CI=0.142-0.152). Significant higher percentage of seropositivity of
59.0% and fecal positivity of 55.7% was recorded among children from 5-8 people
in a room (p>0.05), while Households with regular potable water supply have
lower H. pylori seropositivity and fecal positivity of 11.9% and 7.6% compared
with households that sometimes have water supply. The Households that never had
water supply had highest number of seropositivity of 40.0% and 18.4%,
respectively. Sewage nearness to kitchen indicates 30.8% and 28.7% H. pylori
seropositive and fecal positivity rate among children.
Conclusion:
Paediatric H. pylori prevalence is highly associated with water borne infection
and poor sanitary practices. There is need for achievable interventions and
improvement in environmental sanitation.
Author(s) Details
F. O. Olufemi
Department of Veterinary
Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal
University of Agriculture, Nigeria.
Quadri Remi
Department of Microbiology,
College of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta,
Nigeria.
P. A. Akinduti
Department of Veterinary
Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal
University of Agriculture, Nigeria.
S. A. Bamiro
Department of Physiology,
College of Medicine, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria.
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