Antibacterial Activity of Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf) on Some Pathogenic Gastrointestinal Bacteria | Chapter 11 | Theory and Applications of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 2
The emergence of antibiotic resistance
as well as the recent undesirable side effect of some of the commercially
available antibiotics has led to the screening of plant extract in order to
discover new drug that could serve as alternative therapy for the treatment of
various infections and diseases. Fresh leaf of Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf)
sample was collected, air-dried at room temperature and blended to powder using
electric blender. The extraction was done using reflux extraction method and
methanol as solvent. The phytochemical analysis and the antibacterial activity
of O. gratissimum were determined to ascertain the different phytochemicals
present in the plant extract. The extract was also tested against some selected
Gram negative intestinal pathogenic bacteria; Escherichia coli, Shigella and
Salmonella species, by reconstituting the extract in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)
to obtain different concentration (0.2, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.025 g/ml) and agar well
diffusion techniques were used to evaluate the antibacterial susceptibility of
the leaf extract. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extract
revealed the presence of alkaloid, anthraquinone, flavonoid, glycoside, phenol,
saponin, steroid and tannins. The result of antibacterial analysis showed that
the extract of O. gratissimum has antibacterial activity against E. coli. This
could be as a result of the presence of various phytochemicals or the
interaction of one or more of the identified metabolites against the test
organisms. However, there was no zone of inhibition (antibacterial effect)
recorded on Salmonella and Shigella spp. as they were resistant to the extract.
The results obtained from this research, suggest that Escherichia coli was
susceptible to the leaf extract and the plant could be used as potential source
of natural product for the treatment of infection.
Author(s) Details
Agholor Kin
Department of Biological
Science, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Niger State, Nigeria.
Lucy M. Yaki
Department of Microbiology,
Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Idris Abubakar
Department of Biological
Science, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Niger State, Nigeria.
Lucy F. Olusola
Department of Biological
Science, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Niger State, Nigeria.
Rakiya Zubairu
Department of Biological
Science, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Niger State, Nigeria
Comments
Post a Comment