Patient Organ Dose Estimation Due to Some Selected Fluoroscopy Procedures Using Kerma Area Product Meter: The Ghananian Experience | Chapter 12 | Theory and Applications of Physical Science Vol. 2
Aim:
With the acquisition of the Kerma-Area-Product (KAP) meter, patient organ doses
were estimated in order to analyze patient dose trends due to fluoroscopy
exposure in two fluoroscopy centers. This gave the opportunity to report
patient doses due to fluoroscopy exposure using the appropriate dosimetry
procedure.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Two
fluoroscopy machines located in Greater Accra Region of Ghana in Korle-Bu
Teaching Hospital and Cocoa Clinic. The duration of the study was within six
and a half months.
Methodology: 182 adult patients
undergoing barium enema, barium meal, barium swallow, myelogram,
hysterosalpingography and urethrogram examinations collectively were
investigated (98 men, 84 women, age group 20-81 years). Radiation dose was
measured using KAP meter. The KAP readings, patient’s data and other relevant
information from the control console were used to estimate organ doses using
Monte Carlo base program (PCXMC version 2.0). Quality control tests were
performed on the two fluoroscopy machines before the start of the study to
ensure that they were performing self-consistent with national and
international requirement.
Results: The ovaries, breast,
thyroid and testes recorded high doses for barium enema, barium meal, barium
swallow and retrograde urethrogram examination respectively. Mean KAP values
measured were 23.57±1.78 Gy.cm2, 18.08±2.08 Gy.cm2, 5.99±0.62 Gy.cm2, 8.53±0.67
Gy.cm2, 2.13±0.15 Gy.cm2 and 1.47±0.07 Gy.cm2 for barium enema, barium meal,
barium swallow, myelogram, hysterosalpingography and urethrogram examinations
respectively.
Conclusion: The recorded KAP values
for all the examinations were compatible with ICRP values but in some cases
where a little bit lower. The KAP values were also higher than NRPBs’ values
except for barium swallow examination which was comparable. Due to the varying
patient doses in the institutions, standard protocol for fluoroscopy procedure
is recommended.
Author(s) Details
E. Gyasi
Radiation Protection
Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box LG80, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Prof. C. Schandorf
Department of Nuclear Safety
and Security, School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O.
Box AE 1, Atomic, Accra, Ghana.
Prof. M. Boadu
Department of Nuclear Safety
and Security, School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O.
Box AE 1, Atomic, Accra, Ghana and Radiological and Medical Sciences Research
Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box LG80, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Dr. P. K. Gyekye
Department of Nuclear Safety
and Security, School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O.
Box AE 1, Atomic, Accra, Ghana and Nuclear Regulatory Authority, Ghana Atomic
Energy Commission, P.O. Box LG80, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
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