Skip to main content

Ethanol Affects Liver Oxidative Stress and Methylation Status in HCV-infection: study on NS5A-Transgenic Mice | Chapter 03 | Emerging Trends and Research in Biological Science Vol. 1

Background: Alcohol consumption accelerates the progression and worsens the outcomes of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection in heavy and moderate drinkers. Non-structural NS5A protein is a known inducer of oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. Although alcohol consumption exacerbates the course of HCV-infection, the combined effects of NS5A protein and alcohol have not been studied and experimental animal HCV models as well as ways of ethanol administration to animals are not optimized.   Our aim was to investigate the effects of two modes of oral ethanol feeding on induction of oxidative stress, methylation status and changes in proteasome activity in livers of NS5A-transgenic (Tg) mice.

Methods: Ethanol was administered either in drinking water (chow- fed mice given 20% ethanol in water; designated chow-EtOH) or in Lieber DeCarli liquid diet (LCD-EtOH). Appropriate controls were used.  The mechanisms of alcohol and NS5A-induced changes in oxidative stress, liver methylation status and 20S proteasome activity were determined after 5 weeks of the feeding regimen.

Results: Ethanol administration using both feeding regimens induced oxidative stress and suppressed cytosolic proteasome activity. However, only LCD-EtOH diet induced fatty changes in the liver, which correlated with higher levels of oxidative stress, impaired methylation potential and reduced cytosolic and nuclear proteasome activity. Importantly, LCD diet administration by itself promoted lipid peroxidation in NS5A-expressing mice.

Conclusion: We conclude that both modes of oral ethanol feeding (chow and LCD-based) induce oxidative stress in NS5A-Tg mice that suppresses proteasome activity. Nonetheless, impaired methylation potential, higher level of oxidative stress and suppression of nuclear proteasome was observed only in LCD-EtOH mice.  However, the effects of LCD-control liquid diet in inducing lipid peroxidation in NS5A-Tg mice, in certain cases, tended to mask the effects of ethanol, indicating that fatty diet serves as a second hit for NS5A-protein-induced stress response of liver cells.

Author(s) Details

Natalia A. Osna [M.D., Ph.D.]Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System Omaha, NE, USA and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE  68105, USA.

Murali Ganesan [Ph.D.]
Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System Omaha, NE, USA and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE  68105, USA.

Larisa Y. Poluektova [M.D., Ph.D.]
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE  68105, USA.

Kusum K. Kharbanda [Ph.D.]
Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System Omaha, NE, USA and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE  68105, USA and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE  68105, USA.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

A Prospective Study about Safety and Efficacy of Perioperative Lidocaine Infusion | Chapter 09 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

 Opioids cause clinically significant side effects such as respiratory depression, immunosuppression, muscle rigidity, negative inotropism, nausea, vomiting, hyperalgesia, urine retention, postoperative ileus, and drowsiness. Perioperative opioids are a major contributor to the United States' and other countries' opioid epidemics. Non-opioid analgesics, particularly lidocaine, are becoming more common for perioperative use as a result of this. A total of 185 adult patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control group I (105 patients) [fentanyl group] or group ii (80 patients) [opioid-free anaesthesia group]. Lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg bolus followed by 1.5 mg/kg/h infusion intraoperatively, and 1.5-2 mg/kg/h infusion for 2-8 hours postoperatively were given to patients in both groups at anaesthetic induction. Intraoperatively, both groups received analgesic adjuvants such as diclofenac 75 mg, paracetamol 1 gm, and mgso4 30-50 mg/kg. If the mean arterial pressure (map)

A Brief Study of Middleware Technologies: Programming Applications and Management Systems | Chapter 15 | Novel Research Aspects in Mathematical and Computer Science Vol. 1

  Many platforms, services, applications, hardware, and operating systems are connected through the middleware layer. Because the middleware layer abstracts much low-level complexity and makes applications and software systems portable, it allows disparate systems to interface and function together in harmony. Middleware technologies enable software engineers to swiftly construct software systems and applications, allowing developers to focus on more important tasks. This chapter examines several types of middleware systems and discusses middleware capabilities, middleware operation, middleware's function in cloud-based systems, and the best middleware platforms to use. Middleware systems are widely utilised and can be found in practically any software system or application. Middleware programmes provide as a link between many sorts of systems and protocols. They serve as a mechanism for various systems. To successfully exchange information, it runs on a variety of operating system

Ethnopharmacological Survey among Traditional Medicine Practitioners in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire) for the Management of Pathologies such as Malaria, ENT Diseases, Diarrhea, Typhoid Fever and Anemia | Chapter 05 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

 Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMPs) of Côte d'Ivoire are familiar with the therapeutic herbs. Medicinal plants have been shown to be useful in the treatment of common diseases such as malaria (KROA, 2004) and diabetes (N'GUESSAN et al, 2013) in several studies and scientific study. In the Abidjan District, the current policy is to integrate traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia into the national health system in order to improve population health coverage, particularly in the management of commonly encountered diseases such as malaria, ENT diseases, diarrhoea, typhoid fever, and anaemia. This research aims to increase the use of traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia in the national health system. Over the course of three months, fifty (50) PMTs in the District of Abidjan participated in this study. Plant therapists accounted for 30 of the 50 PMTs polled at the end of the study, or 60%. Traditional medicine centres use 61 types of medicinal plants from 36 famili