Study on the Impact of Microfinance on Grassroot Development: Reporting Evidence from SMEs in Kwabre East District of Ashanti Region of Ghana | Chapter 10 | Insights into Economics and Management Vol. 6

The claim that development interventions targeted at people at the grassroots are poverty alleviation focused is backed by empirical studies. Microfinance has been praised as a strong method for alleviating poverty. The impact of microfinance on grassroots development cannot be overstated because poverty alleviation is rooted in grassroots development. Microfinance is defined as the long-term provision of financial and non-financial services to the poor. Microcredit, savings, microinsurance, money transfer services, and business advisory services are examples of microfinance services. The crucial role of the SME subsector in grassroots development is also relevant in this regard. This is despite the fact that the active poor are those who run micro, small, and medium businesses at the grassroots level. The impact of microfinance on grassroots development was investigated using SMEs in the Kwabre East District of Ghana's Ashanti Region as a case study. Theoretical and empirical literatures were combed through. To collect data from 82 respondents, the study used a descriptive research design and a survey method. The survey was carried out through the use of structured questionnaires. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used as non-probability methods. The data was analysed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The research used the Inter-American Foundation's development evaluation framework to assess the impact of projects. Microfinance has been shown to have some impact on grassroots development as a development intervention. Individual SMEs and their families will benefit directly from the impact. Positive effects on basic needs, knowledge and skills, employment and income, and assets were among them. Self-esteem, creativity, and critical reflection were also positive effects of microfinance on SMEs in terms of grassroots development. However, the survey's findings are silent on the effect of microfinance on strengthening organisations and having a broader impact on society at the local, regional, and national levels, as needed by the Inter-American Foundation's Grassroots Development Framework (GDF) for measuring the impact of development interventions. As a result, the researcher suggests that more research be done on the impact of microfinance on organisations and society in terms of organisational capacity and culture, policy environment, and community norms. Microcredit was also revealed to be the most important aspect of microfinance in terms of making a significant impact. The credit access barrier for SMEs has not been completely removed. Microfinance, according to more than 60% of respondents, has not increased their business capital or stock levels. The researcher makes broad recommendations for SMEs' access to credit and the strengthening of Microfinance Institutions in order to make them more resilient in financial intermediation and non-financial services provision.

Author (s) Details

Edward Yeboah
Department of Accounting and Finance, KNUST School of Business, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana.

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Alkali Element Modification of Glucose Molecules as a Method to Dissolve Cancer Cells | Chapter 12 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 4

The present study highlights about alkali element modification of glucose molecules as a method to dissolve cancer cells. The central regulation of the mechanisms governing cell proliferation has little effect on cancer cells. Cancer cells are entirely independent of the central command and divide and proliferate on their own, making it challenging to activate their response mechanism. Precisely, this is the reason why they are at risk to the health of humans and/or any biological entities. Instead of trying to reconnect the central command of the growth control mechanism to cancer cells that are already out of the range, we present a method of using the cancer cell’s own irresponsive and uncontrolled growth mechanism to their disadvantage and destroy the cancer cells. We found that this is achievable in an atomic/molecular level study of the glucose molecule, which is the primary food source used for growth and energy generation by all cells in the body, including the cancer cells.

A Prospective Study about Safety and Efficacy of Perioperative Lidocaine Infusion | Chapter 09 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

Opioids cause clinically significant side effects such as respiratory depression, immunosuppression, muscle rigidity, negative inotropism, nausea, vomiting, hyperalgesia, urine retention, postoperative ileus, and drowsiness. Perioperative opioids are a major contributor to the United States' and other countries' opioid epidemics. Non-opioid analgesics, particularly lidocaine, are becoming more common for perioperative use as a result of this. A total of 185 adult patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control group I (105 patients) [fentanyl group] or group ii (80 patients) [opioid-free anaesthesia group]. Lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg bolus followed by 1.5 mg/kg/h infusion intraoperatively, and 1.5-2 mg/kg/h infusion for 2-8 hours postoperatively were given to patients in both groups at anaesthetic induction. Intraoperatively, both groups received analgesic adjuvants such as diclofenac 75 mg, paracetamol 1 gm, and mgso4 30-50 mg/kg. If the mean arterial pressure (map)

A Brief Study of Middleware Technologies: Programming Applications and Management Systems | Chapter 15 | Novel Research Aspects in Mathematical and Computer Science Vol. 1

Many platforms, services, applications, hardware, and operating systems are connected through the middleware layer. Because the middleware layer abstracts much low-level complexity and makes applications and software systems portable, it allows disparate systems to interface and function together in harmony. Middleware technologies enable software engineers to swiftly construct software systems and applications, allowing developers to focus on more important tasks. This chapter examines several types of middleware systems and discusses middleware capabilities, middleware operation, middleware's function in cloud-based systems, and the best middleware platforms to use. Middleware systems are widely utilised and can be found in practically any software system or application. Middleware programmes provide as a link between many sorts of systems and protocols. They serve as a mechanism for various systems. To successfully exchange information, it runs on a variety of operating system

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