B P International

A field experiment was conducted for 10 months in banana (Musa spp. variety Nendran) in Randomized Block Design with eight treatments in three replications at the College of Agriculture, Trivandrum, Kerala, India to assess the feasibility of applying a rapid organic fertilizer and the response of banana crop with regard to the soil properties, nutrient mineralization, crop biometric characters and bunch yield. The rapid organic fertilizer produced by thermochemical processing of degradable solid waste was compared with farmyard manure based and soil test based fertilizer recommendations. Treatments to study the combined effect were also included. Fertilizers were applied basally and in six split doses as stipulated in the recommended package of practices. The rapid organic fertilizer imparted a better buffering action to soil and without significant changes in electrical conductivity, ensuring a continuous steady supply of major nutrients synchronous with the active growth stages of...

Cutting samples (n = 150) and Core samples (n = 6) from the Taouratine, Dembaba, Assedjefar Marar, Awaynat Wanin, Tanezzuft and Mamuniyat Formations (Jurassic to Ordovician), derived from wells (A-3, B-1, H-1 and H-15), locate in the A, B and H fields, present in Murzuq Basin were analysed. Rock-Eval Pyrolysis, Total Organic Carbon and specific Aromatic Molecular Biomarker (by the use of chromatography- mass spectrometry GC-MS) as geochemical parameters implemented to investigate their Lithology, kerogen type, organic matter (OM) richness and maturity evaluation. Such Formations are fair to very good quantity of organic matter passing in the course of excellent source rocks, have average of organic carbon richness (TOC) value ranged between   0.2% to 16.7% with one anomalously rich sample at 666m (well H-1) where a dark grey shale has a TOC content of 46.1% and high potential yield over 90000 ppm. The studied rocks are ranged from immature to mature of hydrogen index (HI) ranged...

Biotechnology has provided new dimensions to herbicide technology. Transgenic technology has generated herbicide-resistant crops (HRCs), which have had a profound impact on the herbicide market. This same technology has the potential to make crops better competitors with weeds through improving competitive traits or making the crop more allelopathic. Living bio control agents can sometimes be applied to weeds, much like a herbicide. In the bio herbicide approach, microbial plant pathogens are applied to target weeds. Fungi, bacteria and viruses offer great promise as bioherbicides. Formulations of Phytophthora palmivora (De Vine) as a selective mycoherbicide for the control of milk weed (Morreniaodorata) in citrus, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Collego) for the control of Northern joint vetch in rice and soybean, are now widely used in developed countries. Extensive research has demonstrated that several allelochemicals possess good herbicidal activity. Thus, A crop that is ge...

Computers allow simulation and visualization at all levels and lifestyles – from microorganisms to macrocosmic phenomena crucial to human development. Computer science involves various fields of study. The present paper explores the historical, social and psychological factors that determine educational policies in Yemen throughout its tumultuous history. The new ways of teaching and learning is the emergence of e-learning, defined as a way of learning by using the communication mechanisms of modern computer networks and multimedia, including voice, image, and graphics and mechanisms to search electronic libraries, as well as web portals, whether in the context of distance learning or in the classroom. The work examines the latest trends in e-learning and its application in higher education in the Republic of Yemen. The article in brief presents the results of questionnaire research for the student’s readiness for e-learning in Yemeni universities. The successful integration of info...

Changes in glycosylation profiles have emerged as indicators of diseases. Altered glycans and glycoproteins secreted by pathological tissues are found in human serum and are potential glycobiomarkers for early diagnostic and prognostic of diseases such as inflammation, infection and cancer. To obtain serum samples is a simple procedure and minimally invasive; thus the detection of glycobiomarkers in serum is attractive for clinical applications. Electrochemical biosensors are a friendly strategy for rapid, easy and highly sensitive measuring of glycans and glycoprotein biomarkers. The use of lectins as biorecognition elements in glycobiosensors has provided a specific detection and profiling of glycans linked to glycoproteins. Electrochemical glycobiosensors based on lectin interactions employed to characterize glycan profiles in serum glycoproteins constitute a promising tool in diagnostic and monitoring of diseases. Author(s) Details Priscila Marcelino dos Santos Silva ...

The transportation sector consumes more than two-thirds of oil supplies in the United States each year and accounts for approximately one-third of the United States carbon dioxide emissions. A draft of the Fourth U.S. Climate Action Report states that the current United States climate policy will culminate in the emission of 9.2 billion tons of greenhouse gases in 2020, which represents a 19 percent increase from 2000 levels. These higher levels of greenhouse gases contribute to rising temperatures while causing numerous transportation problems as abnormally hot days become more frequent and extreme. Due to the threat of such impacts and the finite supply of oil, myriad players in the transportation industry are researching conservation measures and alternative energy as well as the development of infrastructure and attitudes that promote emission reductions. This research examines a variety of practical and feasible solutions to decreasing greenhouse gases within the transportation...

A comprehensive review on the methodology to obtain two dimensional stress field around a discontinuity in the form of a circular hole in the plate subjected to various types of, uniform, axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric monotonic loads at infinity viz. uni-axial tensile, equal bi-axial (tensile-tensile and tensile-compressive) and pure shear is presented with the help of the basic principles of elasticity. The material of the plate is considered to be homogenous, isotropic and linear elastic. Effect of the difference in the type of far field load over the nature and the magnitude of stress fields is examined. Fundamental bi-harmonic equation involving Airy’s stress function is used. The stress function, determined by assuming it in the form of trigonometric series and by employing suitable mathematical substitutions, is made to satisfy the bi-harmonic equation. Constants of the stress function are found from the boundary conditions. Stress concentrations at the surface of the hole...

Most of the shorelines around the world are affected by the phenomenon of coastal erosion, especially the Benin’s coastline. We investigated the parameters (significant height, peak period and peak direction) and wave energy potential offshore Benin from ECMWF ERAI reanalysis. ERAI data have been adjusted with in situ data coming from the buoy installed off Autonomous Port of Cotonou (Benin) over a period of 14 years. Next, statistical analysis has been used to establish the link between wave energy and Benin’s coastline dynamics. Wave energy assessment has been carried using the empirical formula for medium water depths consideration (equation (10)). The results show that in Benin’s coastal area, wave energy potential is moderate and available (Hs ≃ 1.36m, Tp ≃ 9.6 s and P ≃ 15.56kW.m -1 ). At seasonal scale, wave energy density P and coastline displacement are strongly linked (R 2 =0.9). Wave energy exploitation will contribute to energy independence and will pl...

The eye is a vital organ not only in terms of vision but also being an important component of facial expression. Loss of an eye or a disfigured eye has a far-reaching impact on an individual’s psychology. Additionally it affects ones social and professional life. The need for artificial eye’s can sometimes be made satisfied by stock prosthesis that are available in standard sizes, shapes and colors. Proper positioning of the iris disk in the sclera is vital in fabricating the custom made artificial eye to mimic natural appearance if not may result in squint eyed appearance. There are many techniques to fabricate the ocular prosthesis to mimic the natural eye. The present technique is simple and economical to fabricate the ocular prosthesis with commercially available color contact lens. Author(s) Details Prashant A. Karni Department of Prosthodontics, KAHE’s (KLE University’s), KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum-590010, Karnataka, India. Dolly Gup...

People living in rural areas depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. Agriculture is an important sector in many developing countries. It is critical to sustainable development and agricultural production by smallholders in lower-income countries contributes substantially to the food security of both rural and urban populations. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) in agriculture have the potential to facilitate greater access to information that drives or supports knowledge sharing. However, in the past two decades, Internet and mobile-based channels have emerged. ICTs also include computer-based applications and communication tools such as social media, digital information repositories and digital photography and video as well as mobile phones. An integrated approach to the expansion of Internet services will promote often neglected communication between agencies linked to rural and agricultural development. Government should provide rural infrastructure for wide ...

The place of good quality and quantity of electricity supply by electric power provider in national growth cannot be underestimated. But, sadly the quantity and quality of electricity in most third world countries such as Nigeria is plagued by quite a number of power quality disturbances and technical losses inherent within the system. Voltage drop affects the quantity of available electricity and it is a major concern of electric power providers as it challenged their sole responsibility of supplying customers with the required voltage level at all times. Surprisingly, the causes and effects of voltages drops on 33kV/11kV transmission systems have not been extensively looked at in Nigeria. This paper presents application of genetic algorithm solution approach to voltage drop issues on 33kV/ 11kV Injection feeders: A case study of Ogbomoso, South West, Nigeria. The result of the analysis showed that the receiving end voltage is of low proportion compared to the sending end voltage. ...

Retinal biometric is a new methodology that increasingly being used, especially for authentication cases required high level of persons identification. Retinal recognition deals with very distinct physical property has, exceptional, very low false acceptance and false rejection rates, and the features that are determined in the retina of eye are more reliable and stable features than those found in other biometrics. This paper presents a new system for personal recognition based on retinal vascular pattern. This system is capable to compensate the effects of eyes rotation and robust to noise and brightness variations. The developed system consists of three main stages (i.e., preprocessing, feature extraction, and matching stage). Preprocessing was used (1) to enhance the retina image, and (2) to extract the vascular network (i.e., Region of Interest); then a set of discriminating local geometric features are extracted, it is a set of local average of vascular densities are pro...

The combined anti-diabetic effects of Extracts of Artemisia annua var. chiknensis with Laboratory code number (CBGE/CHINA/09/LTNGS/G), Momordica charantia Linn, Vernonia amygdalina Del. and Aegle marmelos Correa traditionally employed in Nigeria for the treatment of diabetes were studied. Fifty male albino rats which had been subjected to overnight fasting were rendered diabetic through single intraperitoneal alloxan injections (120 mg/kg body weight). They were then divided into 5 batches of ten rats each. The first batch was treated with A. annua leaf extract only. The second batch was treated with a combination of A. annua and M. charantia extracts. The third batch was treated with a combination of A. annua and V. amygdalina extracts while the fourth batch was treated with a combination of A. annua and Aegle marmelos extracts. The extracts were used in the ratio of 1:1 and treatment was done twice daily for a period of 30 days. The fifth batch of diabetic rats was not treated and...

The purpose of this project is to develop a functional semiconductor device simulator that is modular in nature in order to allow for flexibility during programming and to allow for future development with relative ease. In addition, the program’s main goal is to provide a tool that can supplement device modeling and the standard course material covered in a basic college level introduction, semiconductor device physics, course or and numerical analysis course and to construct basic PN semiconductor devices which can be studied using standard numerical analysis techniques. A device modeling program is developed using the basic MATLAB tools necessary to understand the operation of the program and allow future developments as necessary. MATLAB’s capability and inherent nature of handling matrices and matrix operations makes this approach an excellent technique to develop numerical analysis algorithms. The program solution will be used to examine device parameters such as carrier ...

Aim: To assess the effects of date of sowing and topping on seed production of tossa and white jute. Design: Split plot. Place and Duration of Study: Field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2014 and 2015 at Regional Research Sub-station, Raghunathpur, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Purulia, West Bengal, India. Methodology: Two separate experiments were carried out on tossa jute, Corchorus olitorius L.(cv. JRO-8432) and white jute, Corchorus capsularis L. (cv.JRC-698), each having 3 replications, with 3 main plots of dates of sowing (D 1 -15 th June, D 2 -15 th July and D 3 -15 th August) and 4 sub plots for topping treatments [T 1 -No topping, T 2 -Topping at 30 Days After Sowing (DAS),T 3 -Topping at 45 DAS and T 4 -Topping at 60 DAS] under rainfed condition. Results: In both the jute varieties, the first date of sowing (15 th June) proved superiority over other sowing dates irrespective of topping, however, topping at 45 DAS reve...

Lately, even in Romania, the interest in ecological buildings has begun to take on proportions. Gifted with curiosity, but especially by reorienting towards a new (more) healthier lifestyle, people are looking to find out as much detail as possible about them - thus capturing the outline and also the subject of this study. Although, the construction of ecological buildings is not simple, and eliminates many of the heavy stages of a classical construction, future homeowners omit, due to lack of information, this option, especially in the context in which we do not have a good filter of information about this subject, which will give us the real benefits we have. Ecologic houses seem to be a trend with strong growth, because the shapes that they can wear are extremely varied. The great variety, low price and promise of ecological housing is likely to convince people to completely change their lifestyle. How well are we prepared for sustainable development? How do we meet the...